Importance and Utility of Push-Button Switch

The push-button switch is a fundamental component in electronics and is widely used in various applications. It allows users to control the flow of current by simply pressing or releasing the button. This simple yet versatile switch is essential in many electronic systems, such as robotics, home automation, and consumer electronics.

Project: Push-Button Switch Control for LED

In this project, we will create a basic circuit using an Arduino board to control an LED using a push-button switch. The objective is to turn the LED on or off by pressing the button.

List of Components:

• Arduino Uno board x1
• Breadboard x1
• LED x1
• Push-button switch x1
• Resistor (220 ohms) x1
• Jumper wires x5

You can purchase these components from the following links:

• Arduino Uno board: [link]
• Breadboard: [link]
• LED: [link]
• Push-button switch: [link]
• Resistor (220 ohms): [link]
• Jumper wires: [link]

Examples:

Example 1: Simple Push-Button Switch Control

// Pin assignments
const int buttonPin = 2; // Connect the button to pin 2
const int ledPin = 13; // Connect the LED to pin 13

void setup() {
  pinMode(buttonPin, INPUT); // Set button pin as input
  pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT); // Set LED pin as output
}

void loop() {
  if (digitalRead(buttonPin) == HIGH) { // Check if the button is pressed
    digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH); // Turn on the LED
  } else {
    digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW); // Turn off the LED
  }
}

This code sets up the button pin as an input and the LED pin as an output. In the loop() function, it continuously checks the status of the button. If the button is pressed (HIGH), it turns on the LED by setting the LED pin to HIGH. Otherwise, it turns off the LED by setting the LED pin to LOW.

Example 2: Debouncing the Push-Button Switch

// Pin assignments
const int buttonPin = 2; // Connect the button to pin 2
const int ledPin = 13; // Connect the LED to pin 13

int buttonState = LOW; // Current state of the button
int lastButtonState = LOW; // Previous state of the button
unsigned long lastDebounceTime = 0; // Last time the button state changed
unsigned long debounceDelay = 50; // Debounce time in milliseconds

void setup() {
  pinMode(buttonPin, INPUT); // Set button pin as input
  pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT); // Set LED pin as output
}

void loop() {
  int reading = digitalRead(buttonPin); // Read the button state

  if (reading != lastButtonState) { // Check if the button state has changed
    lastDebounceTime = millis(); // Update the debounce time
  }

  if ((millis() - lastDebounceTime) > debounceDelay) { // Check if debounce time has passed
    if (reading != buttonState) { // Check if the button state is different from the current state
      buttonState = reading; // Update the button state

      if (buttonState == HIGH) { // Check if the button is pressed
        digitalWrite(ledPin, !digitalRead(ledPin)); // Toggle the LED state
      }
    }
  }

  lastButtonState = reading; // Update the last button state
}

This code introduces debouncing to prevent false readings caused by mechanical vibrations of the button. It adds a delay between button state changes to ensure a stable reading. The LED is toggled whenever the button is pressed.