Jardinagem, or gardening, can greatly benefit from automation, especially when it comes to tasks like watering plants, monitoring soil moisture, and controlling lighting. Arduino, a versatile and open-source electronics platform, is ideal for building such automated systems due to its ease of use and wide range of compatible sensors and modules. This article will guide you through creating an automated gardening system using Arduino.

Examples:

1. Automated Plant Watering System:

   To automate the watering of your plants, you can use a soil moisture sensor and a water pump connected to an Arduino board. The system will check the soil moisture level and activate the pump when the soil is dry.

   Components Needed:

   • Arduino Uno
   • Soil moisture sensor
   • Relay module
   • Water pump
   • Jumper wires
   • Power supply

   Sample Code:

   const int moistureSensorPin = A0; // Analog pin connected to the moisture sensor
   const int pumpPin = 7; // Digital pin connected to the relay module
   
   void setup() {
    pinMode(pumpPin, OUTPUT);
    Serial.begin(9600);
   }
   
   void loop() {
    int sensorValue = analogRead(moistureSensorPin);
    Serial.print("Moisture Level: ");
    Serial.println(sensorValue);
   
    if (sensorValue < 300) { // Threshold for dry soil
      digitalWrite(pumpPin, HIGH); // Turn on the pump
      Serial.println("Watering the plant...");
    } else {
      digitalWrite(pumpPin, LOW); // Turn off the pump
      Serial.println("Soil is moist enough.");
    }
    delay(2000); // Wait for 2 seconds before the next reading
   }

2. Garden Lighting Control:

   You can control garden lighting based on the time of day or ambient light levels using a light sensor and an RTC (Real Time Clock) module.

   Components Needed:

   • Arduino Uno
   • LDR (Light Dependent Resistor)
   • RTC module (e.g., DS1307)
   • Relay module
   • Jumper wires
   • Power supply

   Sample Code:

   #include <Wire.h>
   #include <RTClib.h>
   
   RTC_DS1307 rtc;
   const int lightSensorPin = A0;
   const int lightRelayPin = 8;
   
   void setup() {
    pinMode(lightRelayPin, OUTPUT);
    Serial.begin(9600);
    if (!rtc.begin()) {
      Serial.println("Couldn't find RTC");
      while (1);
    }
    if (!rtc.isrunning()) {
      Serial.println("RTC is NOT running!");
      rtc.adjust(DateTime(F(__DATE__), F(__TIME__)));
    }
   }
   
   void loop() {
    DateTime now = rtc.now();
    int lightLevel = analogRead(lightSensorPin);
    Serial.print("Light Level: ");
    Serial.println(lightLevel);
   
    if (now.hour() >= 18 || lightLevel < 300) { // Turn on lights after 6 PM or if it's too dark
      digitalWrite(lightRelayPin, HIGH);
      Serial.println("Garden lights ON");
    } else {
      digitalWrite(lightRelayPin, LOW);
      Serial.println("Garden lights OFF");
    }
    delay(10000); // Check every 10 seconds
   }

These examples illustrate how Arduino can be used to automate various gardening tasks, making it easier to maintain a healthy garden with minimal manual intervention.