Home automation systems have become increasingly popular due to their ability to enhance convenience, security, and energy efficiency. By integrating electronic components with Arduino, enthusiasts and professionals can create customized automation solutions. This article will guide you through creating a basic home automation system using Arduino, focusing on controlling a light and a fan through a smartphone application. This project will demonstrate the potential of Arduino in automating household tasks and provide a foundation for more complex systems.

Projeto: The objective of this project is to create a home automation system that allows the user to control a light and a fan using a smartphone. The functionalities include turning the light and fan on or off remotely. This system will use an Arduino board, a Bluetooth module for wireless communication, and a relay module to control the electrical appliances.

Lista de componentes:

• 1 x Arduino Uno
• 1 x HC-05 Bluetooth Module
• 2 x Relay Module
• 1 x Light Bulb
• 1 x Fan
• 1 x Smartphone with Bluetooth capability
• Jumper wires
• Breadboard

Exemplos:

1. Arduino Code:

// Include necessary libraries
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>

// Define pins for Bluetooth module
SoftwareSerial BTSerial(10, 11); // RX, TX

// Define relay pins
const int relayPin1 = 2;
const int relayPin2 = 3;

void setup() {
  // Initialize serial communication
  Serial.begin(9600);
  BTSerial.begin(9600);

  // Set relay pins as output
  pinMode(relayPin1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(relayPin2, OUTPUT);

  // Initialize relays as off
  digitalWrite(relayPin1, LOW);
  digitalWrite(relayPin2, LOW);
}

void loop() {
  // Check if data is available from Bluetooth
  if (BTSerial.available()) {
    char command = BTSerial.read();
    Serial.println(command);

    // Control relays based on received command
    switch (command) {
      case '1':
        digitalWrite(relayPin1, HIGH); // Turn on light
        break;
      case '2':
        digitalWrite(relayPin1, LOW); // Turn off light
        break;
      case '3':
        digitalWrite(relayPin2, HIGH); // Turn on fan
        break;
      case '4':
        digitalWrite(relayPin2, LOW); // Turn off fan
        break;
      default:
        break;
    }
  }
}

Explanation:

• The SoftwareSerial library is used to communicate with the HC-05 Bluetooth module.
• Pins 10 and 11 are designated for RX and TX communication with the Bluetooth module.
• Pins 2 and 3 are used to control the relay modules.
• The setup() function initializes serial communication and sets the relay pins as outputs.
• The loop() function checks for incoming data from the Bluetooth module and controls the relays based on the received commands.

Smartphone Application:

• Use any Bluetooth terminal app available on your smartphone to send commands to the Arduino.
• Commands:
  • '1' to turn on the light
  • '2' to turn off the light
  • '3' to turn on the fan
  • '4' to turn off the fan

Challenges and Common Issues:

• Ensure that the Bluetooth module is properly paired with the smartphone.
• Verify the wiring connections to avoid any short circuits or incorrect connections.
• Use appropriate safety measures when dealing with high voltage appliances.